Analysis of acupressure points selection rules and techniques in the treatment of diabetic peripheral neuropathy / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To analyze acupoint massage treatment of diabetic peripheral neuropathy point selection rules and practices for clinical treatment to provide evidence-based.Methods:Data mining was used to retrieve the relevant literature on acupressure for diabetic peripheral neuropathy from China Journal Full Text Database, Wanfang, VIP, and China Biomedical Literature Database, with a search time frame from the date of database creation to April 27, 2022. An Excel thematic database was created, then clustering analysis was performed by SPSS 25.0.Results:A total of 104 articles were included in the literature, with 49 acupoints. The commonly used acupoints in the lower limbs were Zusanli, Sanyinjiao, Taixi, Yongquan, etc. The commonly used acupoints in the upper limbs were Hegu, Quchi and Neiguan. The commonly used acupoints in the trunk were Guanyuan, Zhongwan and Shenshu. The frequency of the five acupoints was the highest, accounting for 59.40%(335/564). The meridians were mainly the spleen meridian of foot Taiyin, the kidney meridian of foot Shaoyin and the stomach meridian of foot Yangming, among them, the frequency of the spleen meridian of foot Taiyin was the highest, accounting for 22.7%(128/564). Three effective clusters were obtained by analyzing massage acupoints and manipulations.Conclusions:According to the analysis, high-frequency acupoints are mainly distributed in the three meridians of foot Taiyin spleen meridian, foot Shaoyin kidney meridian and foot Yangming stomach meridian. In the future, acupoint selection and massage techniques can be further standardized and supplemented by acupoint massage along meridians to explore its clinical effect on diabetic peripheral neuropathy.

Effect of acupressure combined with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on the motor function recovery after stroke: a prospective randomized controlled study / 国际脑血管病杂志

Objective:To investigate the effect of acupressure combined with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on the motor function recovery after stroke.Methods:Patients with post-stroke hemiplegia treated with rehabilitation in Beijing Tongzhou District Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital from February 2020 to May 2022 were enrolled prospectively. They were randomly divided into acupressure + rTMS group and rTMS group according to the random number table method. All patients were given routine rehabilitation training and drug intervention after admission. The rTMS group was treated with high-frequency rTMS on the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex of the affected sides, and the acupressure + rTMS group conducted acupressure on the basis of the rTMS group. The treatment time was 6 weeks for both groups. Before and after treatment, Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA) and Wolf Motor Function Test Scale (WMFT) were used to evaluate motor function.Results:A total of 112 patients were enrolled in the study, including 56 patients in the acupressure + rTMS group and 56 patients in the rTMS group. The BBS score, FMA score and WMFT score in both groups after treatment were significantly improved than those before treatment ( P<0.001), but the BBS score, FMA score and WMFT score in the acupressure + rTMS group after treatment were significantly higher than those in the rTMS group ( P<0.001). Conclusion:The application of acupressure combined with rTMS can promote the recovery of motor function after stroke, and the treatment effect is significant.

Acupuncture Combined with Auricular Acupoints Patches for Moderate to Severe Nicotine Dependence：a Randomized Controlled Study / 中医杂志

ObjectiveTo compare the efficacy and safety of acupuncture combined with auricular acupoints patches and nicotine transdermal patch in treating moderate to severe nicotine dependence. MethodsIn a rando-mized controlled trial， 64 quit smoking voluntary subjects with moderate to severe nicotine dependence were randomly divided at a ratio of 1∶1 into a treatment group and a control group， with 32 cases in each group. The treatment group was given acupuncture combined with auricular acupoints patches， twice weekly， four weeks as a course for two courses. The control group was given nicotine transdermal patch， one patch per day for 24 hours， 8 weeks. The cure rate was assessed after treatment and at follow-up （the 16th week after treatment）.The daily smoking volume， exhaled carbon monoxide （CO） value， Nicotine Dependence Scale （FTND）， Minnesota Nicotine Withdrawal Symptoms Scale （MNWS）， and Pittsburgh Sleepiness Index Inventory （PSQI） were evaluated before and after treatment and at follow-up， and adverse effects were recorded. ResultsIn terms of the cure rate， there were both six cured cases （20%） after treatment and at follow-up in the treatment group， while in the control group， seven （23.3%） and five （16.7%） patients were cured after treatment and at follow-up， respectively， with no statistically significant differences between the two groups both after treatment and at follow-up （P＞0.05）. The daily smoking volume and exhaled CO value significantly decreased after treatment and at follow-up in both groups （P＜0.05）， but were not significantly different between the groups after treatment and at follow-up （P＞0.05）. After treatment and at follow-up， FTND， MNWS， and PSQI scores were significantly reduced in both groups compared with those before treatment （P＜0.05）. There was no statistically significant difference in the FTND scale scores between the two groups after treatment and at follow-up （P＞0.05）， while the MNWS and PSQI scale scores were lower in the treatment group than in the control group （P＜0.05）. ConclusionAcupuncture combined with auricular acupoint patches for moderate to severe nicotine dependence has comparable effect with the first-line drug nicotine patch in terms of increasing the cure rate and decreasing the degree of nicotine dependence， and is superior to nicotine patch in terms of relieving withdrawal symptoms and improving sleep， with stable long-term effect.

Clinical efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine therapy for female stress urinary incontinence: a meta-analysis / Eficácia clínica da terapia da medicina tradicional chinesa para a incontinência urinária de esforço feminina: uma meta-análise / Eficacia clínica de la terapia de medicina tradicional china para la incontinencia urinaria de esfuerzo femenina: un metaanálisis

ABSTRACT Objectives: To investigate the efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in the treatment of female stress urinary incontinence (SUI). Method: PubMed, Cochrane, Web of Science, Embase, CNKI, Wanfang, and VIP databases were searched for articles published up to September 2022. Variables were analyzed using weighted mean difference (WMD), standardized mean difference (SMD), odds ratios (OR), and 95% confidence interval (CI). Results: Eight studies containing 744 patients were included in this study. The results demonstrate that TCM therapy had more advantages in improving the clinical outcome of SUI patients (OR = 2.90, 95%CI:1.92-4.37, P = 0.000), reducing the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Short-Form (ICIQ-SF) score (WMD = -2.41, 95%CI:-2.83- -1.98, P = 0.000), reducing 1-h urinary pad leakage urine volume (WMD = -1.86, 95%CI:-2.23- -1.49, P = 0.000) and increasing Maximum urethral closure pressure (MUCP) (SMD = 0.86, 95%CI: 0.61-1.11, P = 0.000). Conclusion: TCM therapy is effective in improving urinary incontinence symptoms, urodynamics, and quality of life in patients with SUI. This article provides a reference for the application of TCM therapy in women with urinary incontinence.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Investigar la eficacia de la medicina tradicional china (MTC) en el tratamiento de la incontinencia urinaria de esfuerzo (IUE) femenina. Método: Se llevaron a cabo búsquedas de artículos publicados hasta septiembre de 2022 en las bases de datos PubMed, Cochrane, Web of Science, Embase, CNKI, Wanfang y VIP. Las variables se analizaron mediante la diferencia de medias ponderada (DMP), la diferencia de medias estandarizada (DME), la razón de momios (RM) y el intervalo de confianza (IC) del 95%. Resultados: Este estudio incluyó ocho investigaciones con la participación de 744 pacientes. Los resultados indican que la terapia de medicina tradicional china (MTC) presentó mejoras significativas en los resultados clínicos de pacientes con incontinencia urinaria de esfuerzo (IUE) (RM = 2.90, IC del 95%: 1.92-4.37, P = 0.000), al reducir la puntuación del Cuestionario Internacional sobre la Incontinencia y su impacto en la calidad de vida (ICIQ-SF) (DMP = -2.41, IC del 95%: -2.83- -1.98, P = 0.000), así como la disminución del volumen de orina a la 1 hora de fuga de la almohadilla urinaria (DMP = -1.86, IC del 95%: -2.23- -1.49, P = 0.000) y el aumento de la presión de cierre uretral máxima (PCUM) (DME = 0.86, IC del 95%: 0.61-1.11, P = 0.000). Conclusión: La terapia de medicina tradicional china (MTC) resulta efectiva en la mejora de los síntomas de la incontinencia urinaria, la urodinámica y la calidad de vida en pacientes con incontinencia urinaria de esfuerzo (IUE). Este artículo ofrece una referencia para la aplicación de la terapia de MTC en mujeres con incontinencia urinaria.

RESUMO Objetivo: Investigar a eficácia da medicina tradicional chinesa (MTC) no tratamento da incontinência urinária de esforço (IUE) feminina. Método: Foram realizadas pesquisas de artigos publicados até setembro de 2022 nas bases de dados PubMed, Cochrane, Web of Science, Embase, CNKI, Wanfang e VIP. As variáveis foram analisadas por meio da diferença de média ponderada (DMP), da diferença média padronizada (DMP), da razão de chances (RC) e do intervalo de confiança (IC) de 95%. Resultados: Esta pesquisa envolveu oito estudos, contando com a participação de 744 pacientes. Os resultados indicam que a terapia da medicina tradicional chinesa (MTC) apresentou melhorias significativas nos resultados clínicos de pacientes com incontinência urinária de esforço (IUE) (RM = 2.90, IC de 95%: 1.92-4.37, P = 0.000), ao reduzir a pontuação do Questionário Internacional sobre a Incontinência Urinária - Versão Breve (ICIQ-SF) (Diferença de Média Ponderada = -2.41, IC de 95%: -2.83- -1.98, P = 0.000), assim como na diminuição do volume de urina na 1 hora de vazamento do absorvente urinário (Diferença de Média Ponderada = -1.86, IC de 95%: -2.23- -1.49, P = 0.000) e no aumento da pressão máxima de encerramento uretral (PMCU) (Diferença Média Padronizada = 0.86, IC de 95%: 0.61-1.11, P = 0.000). Conclusão: A terapia da medicina tradicional chinesa (MTC) é eficaz na melhoria dos sintomas da incontinência urinária, na urodinâmica e na qualidade de vida em pacientes com incontinência urinária de esforço (IUE). Este artigo fornece uma referência para a aplicação da terapia da MTC em mulheres com incontinência urinária.

Effect of ginger and P6 acupressure on chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting: a randomized controlled study / Efeitos das compressões de acuponto de gengibre e Neiguan sobre náuseas e vômitos induzidos por quimioterapia: um estudo randomizado e controlado / Efecto del jengibre y la acupresión de P6 en las náuseas y vómitos inducidos por la quimioterapia: estudio controlado aleatorizado

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the effect of ginger with P6 acupressure in preventing and treating chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) in cancer patients. Method: A total of 172 participants were randomly divided into the control, ginger, acupressure, and joint groups, who were hospitalized in the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University from February and September 2022. The baseline characteristics, nausea, vomiting, and retching, benefit finding, functional living index-emesis, treatment satisfaction, and adverse reaction, were used in data collection. Results: No significant difference was found in benefit finding and adverse reactions among the four groups (P > 0.05). Ginger significantly improved delayed CINV and function living index-nausea (P < 0.05) but had no significant effect on acute CINV, retching, and delayed vomiting, functional living index-emesis, and treatment satisfaction (P>0.05). Acute nausea and retching, delayed nausea, vomiting, and retching, functional living index-emesis, and treatment satisfaction were effectively improved in the acupressure and joint groups (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Ginger with P6 acupressure may contribute to improving CINV in patients undergoing chemotherapy.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Evaluar el efecto del jengibre con acupresión P6 en la prevención y tratamiento de las náuseas y vómitos (nviq) inducidos por la quimioterapia en pacientes con cáncer. Método: Se dividió al azar A un total de 172 participantes en los grupos control, jengibre, acupresión y conjunto, que fueron hospitalizados en el Hospital afiliado de la universidad médica Xuzhou entre febrero y septiembre de 2022. En la recolección de datos se utilizaron las características basales: náuseas, vómitos y náuseas, hallazgo de beneficios, índice de vida funcional, satisfacción con el tratamiento y reacciones adversas. Resultados: No se encontró diferencia significativa en el hallazgo del beneficio y las reacciones adversas entre los cuatro grupos (P >0.05). El jengibre mejoró significativamente las nviq diferidas y el índice de vida funcional (nausea) de forma significativa (P < 0.05), pero no tuvo un efecto significativo en las nvi, las náuseas y el vómito diferidos, la emesis del índice de vida funcional y la satisfacción con el tratamiento (P >0.05). Las náuseas agudas y las arcadas, las náuseas, los vómitos y las arcadas tardías, la medida del índice de vida funcional y la satisfacción con el tratamiento mejoraron efectivamente en los grupos de acupresión y articulares (P < 0,05). Conclusión: El jengibre con acupresión P6 puede contribuir a mejorar las nviq en pacientes sometidos a quimioterapia.

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar os efeitos da compressão do acuponto gengibre e Neiguan na prevenção e tratamento de náuseas e vômitos induzidos por quimioterapia em pacientes oncológicos. Métodos: Um total de 172 pacientes hospitalizados no Hospital Afiliado da Xuzhou Medical University de fevereiro a setembro de 2022 foram divididos aleatoriamente em grupo controle, grupo gengibre, grupo acuponto e grupo combinado. A recolha de dados incluiu principalmente dados basais, pontuação de náuseas, vómitos e vómitos, sensação de benefício da doença, índice de vida funcional, satisfação com o tratamento e efeitos adversos. Resultados: Não houve diferenças significativas no benefício da doença e efeitos adversos entre os quatro grupos (P >0,05). O gengibre melhorou significativamente o índice de vida funcional tardia e náusea (P < 0,05), mas não melhorou a NVI tardia e vómitos e vómitos retardados, o índice de vida funcional dos vómitos e a satisfação com o tratamento (P >0,05). Ambos os grupos de acuponto e combinação melhoraram náuseas agudas, vómitos, náuseas tardias, vómitos, vómitos, vómitos, índice de vida funcional e satisfação com o tratamento (P < 0,05). Conclusão: A acupuntura de gengibre e neiguan pode ajudar a melhorar a NVIQ em pacientes submetidos a quimioterapia.

Laser acupuncture combined with auricular acupressure improves low-back pain and quality of life in nurses: A randomized controlled trial / 中西医结合学报

BACKGROUND@#Low-back pain (LBP) in nurses is a major health concern that affects their quality of life and ability to work, with consequences for their economic status.@*OBJECTIVE@#This study evaluates the effect of low-level laser acupuncture combined with auricular acupressure (LAA) on pain intensity, pain interference and quality of life in nurses with LBP.@*DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS AND INTERVENTIONS@#This randomized controlled trial recruited a convenience sample of hospital-based nurses from one teaching hospital in Taiwan, China. Participants were randomly assigned to the LAA group (n = 38) receiving low-level laser acupuncture and auricular acupressure for 4 weeks, and the control group (n = 38) receiving only sham laser acupuncture treatment without laser energy output.@*MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES@#Data were collected for the primary pain outcome using the Short Form of the Brief Pain Inventory, while the secondary outcome, quality of life, was evaluated using the Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire. Both primary and secondary outcomes were scored before the intervention, and after 2-week and 4-week intervention. The rate of LBP recurrence was evaluated at the 4th week and 8th week after the end of intervention.@*RESULTS@#After controlling for prior pain, the result of linear mixed model analysis showed trends in significant between-group differences in the level of current pain occurring in week 4 (P < 0.001), worst pain in week 2 (P < 0.001) and week 4 (P < 0.001), least pain in week 2 (P = 0.032) and week 4 (P < 0.001), pain interference in week 2 (P = 0.009) and week 4 (P < 0.001), and in the life dysfunction in week 2 (P < 0.001) and week 4 (P < 0.001). Recurrence rates of LBP at the 4th and 8th weeks after the end of intervention were 0% and 36.89% in the LAA group, and 69.44% and 36.11% in the control group.@*CONCLUSION@#This study shows that 4-week LAA intervention reduced pain intensity and pain interference, and improved quality of life for hospital-based nurses with LBP. These effects were maintained continuously for at least 4 weeks after the intervention. The nonpharmacological intervention, LAA, may be another efficacious, feasible, noninvasive, analgesic intervention for LBP.@*TRIAL REGISTRATION@#This study is registered at Clinicaltrials.gov (registration number NCT04423445).

Efficacy of auricular acupoint bean-embedding therapy in the treatment of residual dizziness after successful reduction of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo and its effect on skin sympathetic response / 中国基层医药

Objective:To investigate the efficacy of auricular acupoint bean-embedding therapy in the treatment of residual dizziness after successful reduction of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) and its effect on skin sympathetic response.Methods:A total of 110 patients with residual dizziness after successful reduction of BPPV who were admitted to Wenzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2019 to May 2021 were included in this study. They were randomly divided into control and study groups, with 55 patients in each group. Patients in the control group were treated with drugs, and those in the study group were treated with auricular acupoint bean-embedding therapy. Before and after treatment, dizziness handicap inventory (DHI) score, activities-specific balance confidence (ABC) score, and Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA) score were compared between the two groups. The latency and amplitude of sympathetic skin response (SSR) were measured.Results:After 15 days of treatment, DHI scores of all dimensions in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group ( t = 16.13-20.62, all P < 0.05). ABC score in the study group was significantly higher than that in the control group [(87.90 ± 6.01) points vs. (80.55 ± 8.73) points, t = 3.10, P < 0.05). HAMA score in the study group was significantly lower than that in the control group [(7.85 ± 1.06) points vs. (13.30 ± 2.49) points, t = 8.43, P < 0.001]. The initial latency value of SSR in the study group was significantly higher than that in the control group [(1.95 ± 0.27) ms vs. (1.67 ± 0.21) ms, and the amplitude of SSR in the study group was significantly lower than that in the control group [(1.49 ± 0.15) mV vs. (1.70 ± 0.22) mV, t = 4.73, 4.04, both P < 0.001]. The incidence of adverse reactions in the study group was significantly lower than that in the control group [0.0% (0/55) vs. 10.9% (6/55), χ2 = 4.40, P < 0.05]. Conclusion:Auricular acupoint bean-embedding therapy can effectively alleviate the symptoms of dizziness after successful reduction of BPPV, improve patient's psychological status and autonomic nerve function, which is worthy of clinical promotion.

Therapeutic effects of finger pressing on Hegu acupoint on nausea in first-time complete denture wearers / 中国基层医药

Objective:To investigate the therapeutic effects of finger pressing on Hegu acupoint on nausea and to find an optimal method to reduce nausea in first-time complete denture wearers. Methods:Forty-one first-time complete denture wearers who received treatment between June 2016 and December 2019 in Huxi Hospital Affiliated to Jining Medical University were included in this study. They were randomly divided into observation group ( n = 21) and control group ( n = 20). The observation group received finger pressing on Hegu acupoint for 3 minutes before complete denture wearing and before three meals. The control group received self-adaptive therapy. After 3, 7 and 14 days of wearing complete denture, the number of wearers without nausea, the number of wearers with normal swallowing function, and the number of wearers with masticatory efficiency were recorded in each group. Efficacy was compared between two groups. Results:After 3 and 7 days of wearing complete denture, the percentage of complete denture wearers without nausea was 85.71% (18/21) and 95.24% (20/21), respectively, which were significantly higher than those in the control group [45.00% (9/20), 65.00% (13/20), χ2 = 5.58, 4.19, both P < 0.05 ]. After 14 days of wearing complete denture, there was no significant difference in number of wearers without nausea between observation and control groups ( P > 0.05). After 3 days of wearing complete denture, there was significant difference in percentage of wearers with normal swallowing function among total number of complete denture wearers between observation and control groups [57.14% (12/21) vs. 15.00% (3/20), χ2 = 8.16, P < 0.01). After 7 and 14 days of wearing complete denture, there was no significant difference in percentage of wearers with normal swallowing function among total number of complete denture wearers between observation and control groups (both P > 0.05). After 3 and 7 days of wearing complete denture, masticatory efficiency in the observation group was (42.03 ± 5.02)% and (50.34 ± 5.05)%, which were significantly higher than those in the control group [(37.00 ± 4.00)%, (47.13 ± 4.03)%, t = 3.51, 1.65, both P < 0.05]. After 14 days of wearing complete denture, there was no significant difference in masticatory efficiency between the two groups ( P > 0.05). Conclusion:Finger pressing on Hegu acupoint has good clinical effects on alleviating nausea in complete denture wearers and can shorten the adjustment time to first time wearing complete denture.

The comparison of the application effect of labor analgesiabetween acupoint pressure pill massage combined with salt pack hot compress and free body position alone / 中国医师进修杂志

Objective:To explore the effect of acupoint pressure pill massage combined with salt pack hot compress and free body position alone for labor analgesia.Methods:One hundred and eighty pregnant women hospitalized in the Sixth People′s Hospital of Huizhou from January 2019 to December 2020 were selected and randomly divided into the control group and the observation group, each group with 90 patients. The control group received free body position to relieve labor pain. On the basis of the control group, the observation group used acupoint pressure pill massage combined with salt pack hot compress to relieve labor pain. The effects of the two methods on patients′ pain and the visual analogue scale (VAS) during different stages of labor and the outcome of the two groups were compared.Results:The rate of labor analgesia efficacy in the observation group was better than that in the control group : 98.89%(89/90) vs. 92.22%(86/90), the difference was statistically significant ( χ2 = 4.71, P<0.05). The scores of VAS in the observation group during the first, second and third stages of labor were lower than those in the control group ( P<0.01). The time of the first, second and third stages of labor and the total time of labor in the observation group were all lower than those in the control group ( P<0.01). At the end of the first stage of labor, the levels of β-endorphin and norepinephrine in the observation group were higher than those in the control group: (173.98 ± 32.87) ng/L vs. (139.43 ± 38.94) ng/L, (80.43 ± 10.98) nmol/L vs. (72.02 ± 11.21) nmol/L; the levels of dopamine were lower than those in the control group: (1.04 ± 0.23) mg/L vs. (1.23 ± 0.25) mg/L, the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.01). The rate of natural delivery in the observation group was higher than that in the control group: 95.56%(86/90) vs. 86.67% (78/90), χ2 = 4.39, P<0.05. Conclusions:Acupoint pressure pill massage combined with salt pack hot compresscan effectively alleviate the pain of child birth, reduce their pain, but also shorten their labor process, promote them to deliver rapidly.

The effectiveness and safety of auricular acupressure on pain: an overview of systematic reviews / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To evaluate the quality of a systematic review/Meta-analysis of auricular acupressure on pain, and provide decision making basis for Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) nursing.Methods:PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, CNKI, Wanfang Data, VIP, CBM databases were searched to collect systematic reviews or Meta-analysis on auricular acupressure intervention pain from inception to October, 2020. Two researchers independently screened literature, extracted the data, and used AMSTAR 2 and GRADE to evaluate methodological quality and evidence quality.Results:A total of 8 systematic reviews were included. The AMSTAT2 evaluation showed that all the studies were in low methodological quality; GRADE tool graded 26 outcome indicators, including 6 intermediate quality indicators, 16 low-level quality indicatorsand 4 extremely low-level quality indicators. The research results showed that auricular acupressure is safe and effective in chronic low back pain, primary dysmenorrhea and partial postoperative pain. Another study found that it has no significant effect, but it can reduce the rate of adverse reactions.Conclusions:These studies show that auricular acupressure is safe on pain and has certain advantages, but its methodological quality and evidence quality are not high, which requires further research to confirm.

Clinical efficacy of electroacupuncture in controlling myopia in children and its influence on retinal blood flow / 针灸推拿医学（英文版）

Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of electroacupuncture (EA) in controlling myopia in children and its effect on retinal blood flow. Methods: Sixty-eight myopic children were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, with 34 cases in each group. The control group was given auricular acupressure treatment alone, and the observation group was treated with EA once a week in addition to the treatment used in the control group. The spherical equivalent refraction (SER) and axial length (AL) were measured at baseline, and after 3 months and 6 months of treatment. Optical coherence tomography angiography was used to measure the vessel density (VD) and perfusion density (PD) in the surface layer of the retina. Results: After 3 months and 6 months of treatment, the changes in SER between the two groups were not statistically significant (P>0.05). After 3 months of treatment, the changes in AL between the two groups were not statistically significant (P>0.05); after 6 months of treatment, the change amount of AL in the observation group was smaller than that in the control group (P<0.05); after 3 months and 6 months of treatment, the changes in VD and PD in the surface layer of the retina in the observation group were significantly greater than those in the control group (P<0.01). Conclusion: EA treatment once a week for 6 months can delay the increase of AL and improve the retinal surface blood flow in myopic children.

Effects of auricular stimulation on functional constipation among female college students / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To explore the effects of auricular point stimulation on constipation among college students and to provide a reference for improving constipation among college students.@*Methods@#Between September 15 and September 30, 2019, the International Nursing College of Hainan Medical College Nursing School Survey, which included the constipation assessment scale (CAS), was conducted among 603 female college students. There were 90 cases of functional constipation, which were divided into a control group and an observation group of 45 cases each using the random number table method. The control group was given health education and behavioral guidance, such as a diet intervention, an exercise intervention, an emotional management intervention, and guidance on defecation habits, etc, via WeChat. The observation group received auricular stimulation intervention in addition to the control group measures. Before and two weeks after the intervention, the Wexner constipation and the Patient Assessment of Constipation Quality of Life (PAC-QOL) scales were used to assess the effect of auricular stimulation on students with constipation.@*Results@#Before intervention, there was no significant difference in the Wexner constipation scores between the two groups (P>0.05). After the intervention, the Wexner constipation scores in the observation group were lower than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (t=8.38, 8.95, 11.96, 9.08, 6.45, 13.18, 11.93, 6.19, P<0.05). Before intervention, there was no statistically significant difference in PAC-QOL score between the two groups (P>0.05). After intervention, the difference in the control group s PAC-QOL scores on all dimensions and total dimension score lower earlier, was statistically significant (t=5.29, 6.64, 10.28, 7.81, 9.60, P<0.01). The observation group s PAC-QOL scores after the intervention were lower compared to before the intervention (t=7.98, 11.81, 11.44, 6.93, 8.81, P<0.01), and the difference was statistically significant. All individual and total dimension scores of the observation group and the control group were significantly lower than those of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#Auricular stimulation of TCM can significantly improve the constipation score of college students and improve their quality of life.

Effect of Modified Huangqi Biejiatang Combined with Auricular Acupressure on Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy of Qi-Yin Deficiency Syndrome and Serum MyD88/IκB Signaling Pathway / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To observe the effects of modified Huangqi Biejiatang combined with auricular acupressure on diabetic peripheral neuropathy （DPN） due to Qi and Yin deficiency and serum myeloid differentiation factor 88/inhibitor of nuclear factor-<italic>κ</italic>B （MyD88/I<italic>κ</italic>B） signaling pathway. Method:One hundred and forty cases were randomly divided into an observation group （<italic>n</italic>=70） and a control group （<italic>n</italic>=70）. In addition to routine treatments like dietary intervention and the regulation of fasting blood glucose （FBG） and blood pressure， the modified Huangqi Biejiatang combined with auricular acupressure was further provided in the observation group， while mecobalamine was administered in the control group. After four-week intervention， the toronto clinical scoring system （TCSS） score， traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） syndrome score， the conduction velocities of motor and sensory nerves （median nerve， common peroneal nerve， tibial nerve， and ulnar nerve）， glucose metabolism indexes ［fasting plasma glucose （FPG）， 2 h postprandial blood glucose （2 h PG）， and hemoglobin A1c （HbA1c）］， intestinal genera （<italic>Clostridium</italic>， <italic>Prauserella</italic>， <italic>Bacteroides</italic>， and <italic>Faecalibacterium</italic>）， as well as the serum MyD88， I<italic>κ</italic>B<italic>α</italic>， and phosphorylated I<italic>κ</italic>B<italic>α </italic>（p-I<italic>κ</italic>B<italic>α</italic>） levels in the MyD88/I<italic>κ</italic>B signaling pathway before and after treatment were observed in the two groups， for comparing their clinical efficacy and safety. Result:The total effective rate of the observation group was 85.3% （58/68）， which was higher than 48.5% （32/66） of the control group （<italic>χ</italic>²=6.143， <italic>P</italic><0.05）. The comparison with the control group revealed that the scores of TCSS and TCM syndrome， the levels of FPG， 2 h PG， HbA1c， MyD88， and p-I<italic>κ</italic>B<italic>α</italic>， as well as the abundances of <italic>Clostridium</italic> and <italic>Prauserella</italic> in the observation group were decreased （<italic>P</italic><0.05）， while the conduction velocities of motor and sensory nerves （median nerve， common peroneal nerve， tibial nerve， and ulnar nerve） were significantly accelerated （<italic>P</italic><0.05）. Besides， the abundances of <italic>Bacteroides</italic> and <italic>Faecalibacterium</italic> and I<italic>κ</italic>B<italic>α</italic> level were significantly elevated （<italic>P</italic><0.05）. The incidence of adverse reactions in the observation group was 1.5% （1/68）， lower than 12.1% （8/66） in the control group （<italic>χ</italic>²=4.328， <italic>P</italic><0.05）. Conclusion:The modified Huangqi Biejiatang combined with auricular acupressure alleviates DPN due to Qi and Yin deficiency， which may be attributed to the regulation of serum MyD88/I<italic>κ</italic>B signaling pathway.

A systematic review of the effects of auricular acupressure therapy on relieving acute and chronic nonmalignant pain and its operating methods / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective@#To evaluate the effect and implementation of auricular acupressure therapy (AAT) in the treatment of acute and chronic non-cancerous pain.@*Methods@#Computer search China Knowledge Network, China Biomedical Literature Disc (CBM), Wanfang Database, Weip Chinese Science and Technology Journal Database, PubMed, Web of Science, EMbase, Ebsco, Cochrane databases, a randomized controlled trial of AAT in the treatment of acute and chronic non-cancerous pain was included. The main outcome of AAT treatment for pain was pain intensity and analgesic drug use.@*Results@#Of the 29 studies included, 93.1% (27/29) indicated that AAT was effective in relieving pain and/or reducing the amount of analgesic drugs; 15 and 12 of them were for acute and chronic non-cancerous pain, respectively. In the positive study with specific information description, 100% (27/27) selected the acupoints of the nervous system, 70.4% (19/27) chose the acupoints corresponding to the pain site, and 92.6% (25/27) used the seeds of the king to retain the seeds. Bean material, 81.0% (17/21) was self-administered by adult patients after successful mission; 12/13 of acute pain studies in AAT lasted for 7 days, 8/11 of chronic non-cancer Sexual pain treatment ranged from 14-28 days; 12/25 of the study was pressed 3-4 times/d, and 36.0% (9/25) of the study lasted 2-5 minutes per test; 16/17 The study used "Deqi" as the appropriate standard for pressing.@*Conclusion@#The included studies have shown that AAT can effectively alleviate 88.2% (15/17) of acute pain and 100% (12/12) of chronic non-cancerous pain. AAT can be performed with auricular acupoints and pain points corresponding to auricular points. The seed is not kept as a pressed bean material, and the adult patient himself is pressed to take the patient′s "getting gas". The duration of AAT is related to the type of pain. Although there is no uniform data on the number of auricular compressions/d and the length of each compression, there is a certain tendency.

Effects of Auricular Acupressure on Joint Pain, Range of Motion, and Sleep in the Elderly with Knee Osteoarthritis

PURPOSE: The purpose of this paper is to determine effects of auricular acupressure on knee pain, range of motion, and sleep in the elderly with knee osteoarthritis. METHODS: This is an experimental study designed with randomization and single-blind in a placebo-control approach. The subjects included the elderly with knee osteoarthritis who were using an elderly welfare facility. In each of the groups, 28 subjects were assigned. For the experimental group, auricular acupressure was applied to five pressure points related to the pain caused by osteoarthritis and sleep. In the case of the placebo-control group, auricular acupressure was applied to other five points than the former. The intervention lasted eight weeks. In order to examine intervention effects of auricular acupressure, joint pain, Pressure Pain Thresholds (PPTs), and extension and flexion range of motion (ROM) were measured weekly. As for the pre- and post-examinations, pain, sleep quality, and the time-by-sleep stage of the patients with knee osteoarthritis were measured. RESULTS: The VAS scores in the experimental group with auricular acupressure significantly decreased through time (p<.001) and WOMAC also significantly decreased (p<.01) compared with the placebo-control group. However, there were no significant differences in PPTs. The flexion (p<.01) and extension (p<.001) ROMs measured for eight weeks improved over time. Meanwhile, sleep quality improved significantly after the intervention termination (p<.01), but there was no significant difference found in the time-by-sleep stage. CONCLUSION: Auricular acupressure applied for eight weeks was found to be effective in reducing joint pain, improving knee ROM, and improving sleep quality in patients with degenerative knee arthritis.

A systematic review of the effects of auricular acupressure therapy on relieving acute and chronic nonmalignant pain and its operating methods / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To evaluate the effect and implementation of auricular acupressure therapy (AAT) in the treatment of acute and chronic non-cancerous pain. Methods Computer search China Knowledge Network, China Biomedical Literature Disc (CBM), Wanfang Database, Weip Chinese Science and Technology Journal Database, PubMed, Web of Science, EMbase, Ebsco, Cochrane databases, a randomized controlled trial of AAT in the treatment of acute and chronic non-cancerous pain was included. The main outcome of AAT treatment for pain was pain intensity and analgesic drug use. Results Of the 29 studies included, 93.1% (27/29) indicated that AAT was effective in relieving pain and/or reducing the amount of analgesic drugs; 15 and 12 of them were for acute and chronic non-cancerous pain, respectively. In the positive study with specific information description, 100% (27/27) selected the acupoints of the nervous system, 70.4% (19/27) chose the acupoints corresponding to the pain site, and 92.6% (25/27) used the seeds of the king to retain the seeds. Bean material, 81.0% (17/21) was self-administered by adult patients after successful mission; 12/13 of acute pain studies in AAT lasted for 7 days, 8/11 of chronic non-cancer Sexual pain treatment ranged from 14-28 days; 12/25 of the study was pressed 3-4 times/d, and 36.0% (9/25) of the study lasted 2-5 minutes per test; 16/17 The study used"Deqi" as the appropriate standard for pressing. Conclusion The included studies have shown that AAT can effectively alleviate 88.2% (15/17) of acute pain and 100% (12/12) of chronic non-cancerous pain. AAT can be performed with auricular acupoints and pain points corresponding to auricular points. The seed is not kept as a pressed bean material, and the adult patient himself is pressed to take the patient′s "getting gas". The duration of AAT is related to the type of pain. Although there is no uniform data on the number of auricular compressions/d and the length of each compression, there is a certain tendency.

Effectiveness of Auricular Acupressure for Acute Postoperative Pain after Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis / 中国结合医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To identify the effectiveness of auricular acupressure (AA) in patients with acute postoperative pain after surgery by systematic review.@*METHODS@#A search of randomized controlled trials was conducted in 5 English medical electronic databases and 4 Chinese databases. Two reviewers independently retrieved related studies, assessed the methodological quality, and extracted data with a standardized data form. Meta-analyses were performed using all time-points meta-analysis.@*RESULTS@#A total of 26 studies with 1,682 participants were included. Results showed that compared with conventional therapy, AA significantly improved the total effective rate [risk ratio=1.25, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.13 to 1.37, Plt;0.0001; heterogeneity: Plt;0.0001, I=85%]. In the subgroup analysis, the results changed in different follow-up time and surgery categories. The pain relief in the AA group might be the most significant at 72 h after surgery (mean difference=-0.85, 95% CI,-1.20 to-0.50, Plt;0.0001) and in abdominal surgery (mean difference=-1.15, 95% CI,-1.41 to-0.90, Plt;0.0001). Sensitivity analysis demonstrated that the results of this meta-analysis were stable. No serious adverse effects were recorded.@*CONCLUSION@#It was recommended to provide AA to patients with acute postoperative pain. However, a more accurate estimate of the effect requires further rigorously designed large-scale and high-quality RCTs for improving acute postoperative pain after surgery.

Efeitos da acupressura auricular para melhoria da qualidade de vida de mulheres com câncer de mama em tratamento quimioterápico: ensaio clínico randomizado / Effects of auricular acupressure to improve the quality of life of women with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy: a randomized clinical trial

Resumo: Trata-se de um ensaio clínico randomizado com o objetivo de avaliar os efeitos da acupressura auricular na melhoria da qualidade de vida de mulheres com câncer de mama em tratamento quimioterápico e teve como objetivo de intervenção realizar um protocolo para aplicação da acupressura auricular no ambulatório de hematologia e oncologia do Complexo Hospital de Clínicas da Universidade Federal do Paraná. A pesquisa foi realizada de março de 2017 até abril de 2018.Participaram 54 mulheres com câncer de mama que estavam recebendo quimioterapia, com idade igual ou superior a 18 anos, não gestantes e que tinham disponibilidade para aplicação da acupressura auricular no ambulatório. Foram excluídas aquelas em uso de medicamentos antidepressivos e/ou ansiolíticos. Foram randomizadas 27 mulheres no grupo intervenção e 27 no grupo controle ou Sham, com alocação de 1:1 (1 intervenção: 1 controle ou Sham pseudointervenção). Os pontos utilizados foram escolhidos pela equipe de pesquisa, de acordo com os principais sintomas físicos e emocionais causados pelo câncer e seu tratamento identificados na literatura. O grupo intervenção recebeu a aplicação da acupressura auricular com esferas de cristal em seis acupontos, (shenmem, rim, estômago, cárdia, tronco cerebral e endócrino), o grupo controle recebeu a aplicação do micropore® nos mesmos acupontos e ambos com aplicação semanal por 12 semanas. A qualidade de vida foi avaliada em cinco momentos diferentes, a primeira antes de iniciar a intervenção e as demais sequencialmente com intervalo de três semanas, com os questionários da European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer, Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30 e Quality of Life Questionnaire - Breast Cancer BR23. Os resultados mostraram que a idade média das mulheres foi de 51,3 anos e demonstraram melhorias em todos os domínios relacionados à qualidade de vida. Porém, as significantes no grupo intervenção foram na escala de sintomas do Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30 para náuseas e vômito, p valor= 0,0018 e no Quality of Life Questionnaire - Breast Cancer nos sintomas da mama, p valor= 0,00046. A acupressura auricular mostrou-se método seguro, eficaz, de baixo custo, sem efeitos colaterais, facilmente aplicável por enfermeiros em pacientes ambulatoriais e pode ser recomendada como terapia complementar no tratamento do câncer de mama com vistas à melhorar a QV. O resultado do objetivo de intervenção foi a elaboração do protocolo de auriculoterapia para aplicação da acupressura auricular como tratamento complementar nos pacientes com diagnóstico de câncer de mama em tratamento quimioterápico, atendidos no local da pesquisa.

Abstract: This is a randomized clinical trial with the objective of evaluating the effects of auricular acupressure on the quality of life of women with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapeutic treatment and had the objective of implementing a protocol for the application of auricular acupressure in hematology and oncology of the Clinical Hospital of the Federal University of Paraná. The research was carried out from March 2017 until April 2018. Participants were 54 women with breast cancer who were receiving chemotherapy, aged 18 years or above, not pregnant and who were available to come weekly for auricular acupressure. Excluding those who were taking antidepressant and / or anxiolytic drugs. Twenty-seven women in the intervention group and 27 in the control or Sham group, with allocation of 1: 1 (1 intervention: 1 control or Sham pseudo-intervention) were randomized. The intervention group received the application of auricular acupressure with crystal beads in six acupoints (shenmem, kidney, stomach, cardia, brainstem and endocrine). The control group received the application of the micropore in the same acupoints. Both groups received weekly sessions during 12 weeks. Quality of life was assessed at five different times, the first being before the intervention and the next four every three weeks with questionnaires from the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer, Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30 and Quality of Life Questionnaire - Breast Cancer BR23. The results showed that the average age of women was 51.3 years and showed improvements in all domains related to quality of life. However the signifiers in the intervention group were in the symptom scale of the Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30 for nausea and vomiting, p value = 0.0018 and in the Quality of Life Questionnaire - Breast Cancer in breast symptoms, p value = 0.00046. Atrial acupressure has proved to be a safe, effective, low-cost, no-side-effect method easily applied by nurses in outpatients and may be recommended as a complementary therapy in the treatment of breast cancer to improve QoL in these women.The result of the intervention was the elaboration of anauriculotherapy protocol for the application of auricular acupressure as a complementary treatment in patients with breast cancer diagnosis undergoing chemotherapy, treated at the research site.

Effects of Auricular Acupressure on Symptoms and Quality of Life of Patients with Allergic Rhinitis / 기본간호학회지

PURPOSE: To examine the effects of auricular acupressure on symptoms of patients with allergic rhinitis and their quality of life. METHODS: A quasi experimental was used with a nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest method involving 56 adult outpatients who were seen in the Allergy & Asthma clinic at a tertiary referral hospital in Seoul, Korea. The experimental group (n=28) received 2 weeks of auricular acupressure to the Shenmen, wind stream, endocrine, adrenal, and lung acupuncture points; no acupressure was provided to the control group (n=28). Outcome measures included Total Nasal Symptom Score used to assess nasal symptoms, and the Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire to assess the quality of life. Repeated measure ANOVA and independent t-test were used to calculate statistical significance. RESULTS: The experimental group showed significant improvements in terms of allergic rhinitis symptoms (p < .001) and on the Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire (p < .001) compared to the control group. CONCLUSION: Finding in this study indicate that auricular acupressure can be used as a nursing intervention to alleviate nasal symptoms and improve rhinoconjuctivitis quality of life in allergic rhinitis patients.

Therapeutic Observation of the Treatment of Hyperemesis Gravidarum Majorly with Intradermal Needle plus Acupressure / 上海针灸杂志

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy in the treatment of hyperemesis gravidarum predominantly with intradermal needle plus acupressure.Method Seventy-six patients with hyperemesis gravidarum were randomized into a treatment group and a control group, 38 cases each. The control group was intervened by conventional medication, while the treatment group was intervened by intradermal needle plus acupressure based on the medication. The hyperemesis gravidarum score, Nutritional Risk Screening (NRS)-2002, and levels of human chorionic gonadotropin (β-HCG) and motilin in serum were observed before and after the treatment. The 24-hour nausea and vomiting times, intake of staple and water, admission duration, negative rate of ketone body, incidence of adverse reactions and clinical efficacy were compared between the two groups.Result The total effective rate and recovery rate were respectively 89.5％ and 52.6％ in the treatment group versus 81.6％ and 28.9％ in the control group. There was a significant difference in the therapeutic efficacy between the two groups (P<0.05). The parameters were significantly changed after the treatment in both groups (P<0.05). After the intervention, there were significant differences in the parameters between the two groups (P<0.05). The 24-hour nausea and vomiting times, intake of staple and water, admission duration and negative rate of ketone body in the treatment group were significantly different from those in the control group (P<0.05). The incidence of adverse reactions in the treatment group was 7.9％ versus 26.3％ in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion Taken as the major intervention method, intradermal needle plus acupressure is effective for hyperemesis gravidarum, and it can improve the expressions ofβ-HCG and motilin in serum, and increase the negative rate of ketone body.